1.原文

埃隆·马斯克在中国已穷途末路。

随着特斯拉落后于它曾帮助创建的本土竞争对手，这位亿万富翁与特朗普的决裂正在限制他对北京的价值。

Elon Musk Is Running Out of Road in China

As Tesla falls behind the local competitors it helped create, the billionaire’s rupture with Trump is limiting his value to Beijing

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公众号（英语大队长）更简约、阅读体验更好！

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As Elon Musk confronts deepening business and political challenges in the U.S., he’s also facing trouble in his other most important market: China.

For a while, Tesla was the hottest car on Chinese roads, and Musk was the toast of Beijing. Government officials showered the company with incentives, part of a concerted strategy to turbocharge the Chinese EV industry by injecting Tesla know-how into the country and spurring competition. Tesla’s sales took off.

But the risk was always that Tesla would start falling behind the rivals it helped create. Now, that is exactly what’s happening.

Tesla’s market share has shriveled as other Chinese automakers become more popular. Meanwhile, Musk’s reputation as a partner for Beijing in Washington took a beating as his relationship with Donald Trump soured.

Chinese consumers say Teslas increasingly feel tired and out of touch with local tastes. Top China-designed EVs nowadays come with features that aren’t normally found in Teslas, such as multiple big screens to watch films and play games, refrigerators to keep drinks cold and in-car cameras for selfies. BYD, which makes both EVs and batteries; and battery giant Contemporary Amperex Technology, or CATL, recently said they each had developed new technologies that allow users to charge cars in just five minutes.

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1.1 翻译

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埃隆·马斯克在美国面临日益严峻的商业和政治挑战之际，在他另一个最重要的市场——中国，他也遇到了麻烦。

曾几何时，特斯拉是中国道路上最热门的汽车，马斯克也曾是北京的宠儿。政府官员向特斯拉公司提供了大量激励，这是一项协同战略的一部分，旨在通过向中国注入特斯拉的专业知识并刺激竞争来加速中国电动汽车产业的发展。特斯拉的销量因此飙升。

但特斯拉始终存在一个风险，那就是它会开始落后于它帮助培养起来的竞争对手。现在，这正是正在发生的事情。

随着其他中国汽车制造商越来越受欢迎，特斯拉的市场份额已经萎缩。与此同时，马斯克作为北京在华盛顿的合作伙伴声誉受损，因为他与唐纳德·特朗普的关系恶化了。

中国消费者表示，特斯拉汽车越来越让人觉得过时，而且不符合当地品味。如今，中国设计的高端电动汽车配备了特斯拉通常没有的功能，例如多个大屏幕用于看电影和玩游戏、用于冷藏饮料的冰箱以及用于自拍的车载摄像头。比亚迪（既生产电动汽车也生产电池）和电池巨头宁德时代（CATL）最近表示，它们各自开发了新技术，可以让用户在短短五分钟内为汽车充满电。

1.2 重点详解

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1. toast of Beijing /toʊst ɒv ˌbeɪˈdʒɪŋ/

* 解释: 意为“北京的宠儿”或“在北京备受赞誉的人物”。

* 用法: 常用于描述某人在特定地区或圈子里受到极大的欢迎和尊敬。* 例句: After winning the gold medal, she became the toast of her hometown. (夺得金牌后，她成了家乡的宠儿。)

2. showered with incentives /ˈʃaʊərd wɪð ɪnˈsɛntɪvz/

* 解释: 意为“给予大量激励/优惠”。动词“shower”在这里是“大量给予，慷慨地提供”的意思。

* 用法: 表示某人或某组织得到大量的好处或支持。

* 例句: The new startup was showered with incentives by the local government to encourage its growth. (这家新创公司得到了地方政府的大量激励，以鼓励其发展。)

3. concerted strategy /kənˈsɜːrtɪd ˈstrætədʒi/

* 解释: 意为“协同一致的策略”或“共同商定的策略”。强调各方协调合作。

* 用法: 形容行动或计划是经过共同努力和协调的。

* 例句: The two companies launched a concerted strategy to tackle the market. (两家公司启动了一项协同策略来应对市场。)

4. turbocharge /ˈtɜːrboʊtʃɑːrdʒ/

* 解释: 意为“使……加速发展”或“给……注入强大动力”。原指给发动机装涡轮增压器以提高功率。

* 用法: 形容使某事物发展迅速，效率显著提高。

* 例句: The new policies are designed to turbocharge the economy. (新政策旨在加速经济发展。)

5. know-how /ˈnoʊˌhaʊ/

* 解释: 意为“专业知识”、“技能”或“诀窍”。 * 用法: 指在特定领域中实践性、技术性的知识和能力。

* 例句: The company prides itself on its technical know-how. (这家公司以其技术诀窍而自豪。)

6. spurring /ˈspɜːrɪŋ/

* 解释: 意为“刺激”、“促进”或“激励”。

* 用法: 常用于描述推动某事物发展或进步的行为。

* 例句: The new tax cuts are expected to be a factor in spurring economic growth. (新的减税措施预计将成为刺激经济增长的因素。)

7. falling behind /ˈfɔːlɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd/

* 解释: 意为“落后”或“跟不上”。

* 用法: 形容在竞争、发展或进度上未能跟上他人的步伐。

* 例句: If we don't innovate, we risk falling behind our competitors. (如果我们不创新，就有可能落后于竞争对手。)

8. shriveled /ˈʃrɪvəld/

* 解释: 意为“萎缩的”、“枯萎的”或“减少的”。此处形容市场份额，指其大幅下降。

* 用法: 可以指物体因失水而皱缩，也可以引申指数量、力量或重要性等的 감소。

* 例句: The company's profits have shriveled in recent years. (该公司近年来的利润大幅缩水。)

9. soured /ˈsaʊərd/

* 解释: 意为“恶化”、“变坏”。此处形容关系，指关系变得不和睦。 * 用法: 原指食物变酸，引申指关系、心情等变差。

* 例句: Their friendship soured after the disagreement. (争吵之后，他们的友谊变差了。)

10. tired and out of touch with /taɪərd ənd aʊt ɒv tʌtʃ wɪð/

* 解释: “tired”在这里指“过时的”、“缺乏新意的”，“out of touch with”意为“与……脱节”、“不了解……的最新情况”。

* 用法: 描述某事物因为缺乏创新或更新而显得过时，不能满足当前的需求或趋势。

* 例句: The old marketing strategies felt tired and out of touch with the modern consumer. (旧的营销策略感觉过时，与现代消费者脱节。)

长难句分析: “Government officials showered the company with incentives, part of a concerted strategy to turbocharge the Chinese EV industry by injecting Tesla know-how into the country and spurring competition.”

• 主句: “Government officials showered the company with incentives” (政府官员给予公司大量激励)。
• 补充说明部分: “part of a concerted strategy” 是对主句行为的补充说明，解释了给予激励的原因，即这是“一项协同策略的一部分”。
• 策略目的状语: “to turbocharge the Chinese EV industry” 说明了这项策略的目的，即“加速中国电动汽车产业的发展”。
• 方式状语: “by injecting Tesla know-how into the country and spurring competition” 进一步说明了如何“加速发展”，即通过“向中国注入特斯拉的专业知识并刺激竞争”。
• 整体理解: 这句话表明，中国政府给予特斯拉大量优惠，是其有预谋策略的一部分，目的是通过引进特斯拉的技术和促进竞争来快速发展中国的电动汽车产业。

2.原文

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Tesla’s China staff have voiced concerns to headquarters about the company’s aging products, but their warnings often drew sluggish responses, China-based employees said. The frustrations have built as Chinese salespeople feel more pressure to hit targets, without the sexiest cars to sell.

Many Chinese consumers still appreciate Tesla’s brand image as an EV pioneer. And the company retains support in Beijing. China sees Tesla as a poster child of successful foreign investment and a useful ally in helping China build a green economy, centered on industries such as renewable energy, EVs and batteries.

But Beijing hasn’t given Tesla full regulatory approval for its so-called Full Self-Driving (Supervised) assisted-driving software, a technology central to Tesla’s ambitions to dominate transportation in the future—and which Chinese companies are also racing to master.

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2.1 翻译

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据在中国工作的员工称，特斯拉中国员工已向总部表达了对公司老化产品的担忧，但他们的警告通常得到的都是迟缓的回应。随着中国销售人员在没有最吸引人的汽车可卖的情况下，感受到更大的销售压力，他们的沮丧情绪也日益增长。

许多中国消费者仍然欣赏特斯拉作为电动汽车先驱的品牌形象。该公司在北京也保留着支持。中国将特斯拉视为成功外资的典范，也是中国在可再生能源、电动汽车和电池等产业方面建立绿色经济的有用盟友。

但北京尚未给予特斯拉其所谓的“完全自动驾驶（监督版）”辅助驾驶软件全面的监管批准，这项技术是特斯拉未来主导交通运输雄心的核心，而中国公司也正在竞相掌握这项技术。

2.2 重点详解

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1. aging products /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ ˈprɒdʌkts/

* 解释: 意为“老化的产品”、“过时的产品”。指产品设计或功能不再新颖，跟不上市场趋势。

* 用法: 常用于描述技术产品、时尚商品等，它们随着时间推移失去竞争力。

* 例句: The company needs to innovate more to avoid having aging products in its portfolio. (公司需要更多创新，以避免其产品组合中出现老化产品。)

2. sluggish responses /ˈslʌɡɪʃ rɪˈspɒnsɪz/

* 解释: 意为“迟缓的反应”、“缓慢的回应”。形容对问题或请求的反馈不够迅速或不积极。

* 用法: 可以用于描述人、组织或系统的反应速度和效率。

* 例句: The government was criticized for its sluggish responses to the natural disaster. (政府因对自然灾害的迟缓反应而受到批评。)

3. sexiest cars /ˈsɛksiɪst kɑːrz/

* 解释: 意为“最吸引人的汽车”、“最时髦的汽车”。这里的“sexy”引申为“有吸引力的”、“令人向往的”。

* 用法: 在非正式语境中，用“sexy”来形容产品或设计非常吸引人、时尚或具有创新性。

* 例句: The new smartphone is marketed as the sexiest gadget on the market. (这款新智能手机被宣传为市场上最吸引人的小工具。)

4. poster child /ˈpoʊstər tʃaɪld/

* 解释: 意为“典范”、“典型代表”、“模范”。原指为慈善募捐活动而宣传的患病儿童。

* 用法: 用来形容某人或某事是某个特定类别、运动或理念的完美例子或代表。

* 例句: This project is considered a poster child for successful urban renewal. (这个项目被认为是城市更新成功的典范。)

长难句分析: “But Beijing hasn’t given Tesla full regulatory approval for its so-called Full Self-Driving (Supervised) assisted-driving software, a technology central to Tesla’s ambitions to dominate transportation in the future—and which Chinese companies are also racing to master.”

• 主句: “But Beijing hasn’t given Tesla full regulatory approval for its so-called Full Self-Driving (Supervised) assisted-driving software” (但是北京尚未给予特斯拉其所谓的“完全自动驾驶（监督版）”辅助驾驶软件全面的监管批准)。
• 同位语从句: “a technology central to Tesla’s ambitions to dominate transportation in the future” 是对前面“assisted-driving software”的同位语补充，解释了这项技术的重要性，即它是“特斯拉未来主导交通运输雄心的核心技术”。
• 并列定语从句: “—and which Chinese companies are also racing to master” 通过破折号连接，是另一个定语从句，补充说明了这项技术在中国的背景，即“中国公司也在竞相掌握这项技术”。
• 整体理解: 这句话表达了尽管特斯拉在中国有一定支持，但在其未来发展至关重要的全自动驾驶软件方面，北京尚未给予全面批准，同时，中国本土企业也在积极追赶这项技术。

3.原文

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Musk wasn’t receptive to China’s overtures, however, people who consult with Chinese officials said. And because of the Musk-Trump feud, Beijing no longer views the Tesla chief executive as a geopolitical asset and will shy away from publicly courting him, the people said.

“Tesla remains important for China,” said one of the people who consults with Chinese officials. “But for authorities, helping domestic companies still matters more.”

For Musk, who has pledged to refocus on Tesla now that he is distancing himself from Washington, success in China is vital. It is Tesla’s second-largest market by revenue after the U.S. and the carmaker’s biggest production and export hub, making up around half of its global vehicle shipments and supplying components for its worldwide manufacturing.

If anything, China’s importance to Tesla is growing after its sales declined in the U.S. and Europe due to his earlier association with Trump. China is also a testing ground for technologies that Musk prioritizes, such as FSD and driverless taxis.

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3.1 翻译

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然而，据与中国官员进行过咨询的人士透露，马斯克对中国的示好并不接受。这些人士还表示，由于马斯克与特朗普的宿怨，北京不再将这位特斯拉首席执行官视为地缘政治资产，并将避开公开拉拢他。

“特斯拉对中国仍然很重要，”一位与中国官员进行咨询的人士说，“但对当局而言，帮助国内公司仍然更重要。”

对于马斯克来说，既然他正与华盛顿保持距离并已承诺将重心重新放在特斯拉上，那么在中国取得成功至关重要。按营收计算，中国是特斯拉继美国之后的第二大市场，也是这家汽车制造商最大的生产和出口中心，约占其全球汽车出货量的一半，并为其全球制造供应零部件。

如果说有什么不同的话，那就是在马斯克早前与特朗普的关系导致其在美国和欧洲的销量下降之后，中国对特斯拉的重要性正在增加。中国也是马斯克优先发展技术的试验场，比如完全自动驾驶（FSD）和无人驾驶出租车。

3.2 重点详解

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1. overtures /ˈoʊvərtʃʊərz/

* 解释: 意为“提议”、“示好”、“主动表示友好”。指为建立关系或达成协议而采取的初步行动或建议。

* 用法: 常用于外交、商业或人际关系中，表示一方主动示好或寻求合作。

* 例句: The company made several overtures to its competitor for a joint venture. (这家公司多次向其竞争对手示好，提议建立合资企业。)

2. Musk-Trump feud /mʌsk trʌmp fjuːd/

* 解释: 意为“马斯克与特朗普之间的宿怨/争执”。feud 指长期存在的激烈争吵或敌对关系。

* 用法: 用于描述两个人或团体之间根深蒂固的冲突。

* 例句: The family has been involved in a long-standing feud over land rights. (这个家族因土地权问题长期不和。)

3. geopolitical asset /ˌdʒiːoʊpəˈlɪtɪkl ˈæsɛt/

* 解释: 意为“地缘政治资产”。指在国际政治关系中具有战略价值的人或事物。

* 用法: 通常用于政治或国际关系分析中，强调某个人、国家或资源在国际格局中的影响力。

* 例句: The country's strategic location makes it a significant geopolitical asset. (该国的战略位置使其成为重要的地缘政治资产。)

4. shy away from /ʃaɪ əˈweɪ frɒm/

* 解释: 意为“回避”、“躲避”、“不愿做”。指因不情愿、胆怯或担忧而避免某事。

* 用法: 常用于描述个体或组织面对某种情况或行动时的退缩态度。 * 例句: She tends to shy away from public speaking. (她倾向于回避公开演讲。)

5. courting /ˈkɔːrtɪŋ/ * 解释: 意为“争取”、“拉拢”、“追求”。在这里指试图获得某人或某团体的支持、青睐或合作。

* 用法: 原指求爱，引申为努力获得某人或某物的支持。

* 例句: The politician was courting voters in swing states. (这位政治家正在摇摆州争取选民。)

长难句分析: “For Musk, who has pledged to refocus on Tesla now that he is distancing himself from Washington, success in China is vital.”

• 主句核心: “success in China is vital” (在中国取得成功至关重要)。
• 介词短语修饰: “For Musk” 指明了这句话的主语是马斯克。
• 定语从句: “who has pledged to refocus on Tesla now that he is distancing himself from Washington” 是修饰 Musk 的定语从句，解释了他当前承诺和背景，即“他已承诺在与华盛顿保持距离后，将重心重新放在特斯拉上”。
• 其中，“now that he is distancing himself from Washington” 是一个时间状语从句，表示“既然他正在疏远华盛顿”。
• 整体理解: 这句话指出，对于马斯克来说，在中国取得成功至关重要，因为他已经承诺在与华盛顿保持距离后，将重心重新放在特斯拉上。

4.原文

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Tesla has cut prices in China, along with other Chinese EV makers, and aims to launch a new Model Y SUV variant in 2026, which it hopes could help boost sales there. Yet Musk has appeared uninterested in making too many concessions to the market, instead relying on Tesla’s reputation for quality and technology to remain a leading player in China.

Tesla didn’t respond to requests for comment. The company said in April in its earnings presentation about China that while conventional wisdom is that competition will be bad for Tesla, the company believes it would accelerate EV adoption and help Tesla’s sales in the long-term.

Many experts believe the road ahead for Tesla in China will remain bumpy. American companies have a long history of thriving temporarily in China before falling behind, once local competitors scale up and government officials tilt the playing field in favor of domestic champions.

In the early 2000s, Motorola was turfed out by Chinese companies supported by government policies that pressured the American company to share technology and adopt battery standards developed by Huawei Technologies.

Apple was China’s No. 1 smartphone maker in 2023, but now ranks third behind Huawei and another Chinese brand, which have popular features at lower prices. Apple’s slide has been compounded by Chinese restrictions on the use of its devices by government officials and stimulus policies that favor Chinese domestic manufacturers.

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4.1 翻译

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特斯拉在中国与其他中国电动汽车制造商一起降价，并计划在2026年推出新款Model Y SUV变体，希望能帮助提振在中国的销量。然而，马斯克似乎不乐意对市场做出太多让步，而是依靠特斯拉在质量和技术方面的声誉，以期在中国保持领先地位。

特斯拉没有回应置评请求。该公司在今年4月的财报演示中提到中国市场时表示，尽管普遍认为竞争对特斯拉不利，但公司相信这将加速电动汽车的普及，并从长远来看有助于特斯拉的销售。

许多专家认为，特斯拉在中国的未来之路将继续坎坷。美国公司在中国市场曾有暂时繁荣的历史，但在本地竞争对手壮大、政府官员偏袒国内龙头企业后，往往会落后。

21世纪初，摩托罗拉就被中国公司淘汰出局，这些中国公司得到了政府政策的支持，这些政策迫使这家美国公司分享技术并采用华为技术开发的电池标准。

苹果在2023年是中国第一大智能手机制造商，但现在已落后于华为和另一个中国品牌，位居第三，这两个品牌以更低的价格提供了受欢迎的功能。苹果的下滑因中国政府官员使用其设备的限制以及偏袒中国国内制造商的刺激政策而加剧。

4.2 重点详解

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1. uninterested in making too many concessions /ʌnˈɪntrəstɪd ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ tuː ˈmɛni kənˈsɛʃənz/

* 解释: 意为“不乐意做出太多让步”。concession 指为了达成协议或解决争议而做出的妥协或让步。

* 用法: 形容某人不愿意在谈判或竞争中做出大的退让。

* 例句: The union was uninterested in making too many concessions on worker benefits. (工会不乐意在工人福利问题上做出太多让步。)

2. conventional wisdom /kənˈvɛnʃənl ˈwɪzdəm/

* 解释: 意为“传统观念”、“普遍看法”。指在特定社会或群体中被广泛接受的观点或信念。

* 用法: 常用于引出一种普遍观点，然后对其进行反驳或深入探讨。 * 例句: Conventional wisdom says that you should save money, but sometimes investing can be more profitable. (传统观念认为你应该存钱，但有时投资可能更有利可图。)

3. bumpy /ˈbʌmpi/

* 解释: 意为“崎岖不平的”、“坎坷的”。此处引申为“充满困难和挑战的”、“不平坦的”。

* 用法: 形容道路不平，也可比喻发展过程不顺利、遇到很多障碍。 * 例句: The startup had a bumpy ride in its first year, but eventually found success. (这家初创公司第一年发展坎坷，但最终取得了成功。)

4. falling behind /ˈfɔːlɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd/

* 解释: 意为“落后”、“跟不上”。指在竞争、发展或进度上未能跟上他人的步伐。

* 用法: 常用于描述个体、公司或国家在特定领域失去领先地位。 * 例句: If we don't upgrade our technology, we risk falling behind our competitors. (如果我们不升级技术，就有可能落后于竞争对手。)

5. tilt the playing field in favor of /tɪlt ðə ˈpleɪɪŋ fiːld ɪn ˈfeɪvər ɒv/

* 解释: 意为“使竞争环境偏向于”、“偏袒”。“playing field”指竞争环境，“tilt”意为倾斜。

* 用法: 形容通过政策、规则或其他方式，使一方在竞争中获得优势。* 例句: New regulations might tilt the playing field in favor of smaller businesses. (新的法规可能会使竞争环境偏向于小企业。)

6. turfed out by /tɜːrft aʊt baɪ/

* 解释: 意为“被……赶走”、“被……淘汰”。

* 用法: 较非正式，指某人或某物被强行移除或排除出某个位置、场所或市场。

* 例句: The old software was turfed out by the new, more efficient system. (旧软件被新的、更高效的系统淘汰了。)

7. compounded by /kəmˈpaʊndɪd baɪ/

* 解释: 意为“因……而加剧/恶化”。compound 指使情况变得更糟、更复杂。

* 用法: 常用于描述一个问题或困境因另一个因素的加入而变得更严重。

* 例句: The economic crisis was compounded by political instability. (经济危机因政治不稳定而加剧。)

长难句分析: “Apple’s slide has been compounded by Chinese restrictions on the use of its devices by government officials and stimulus policies that favor Chinese domestic manufacturers.”

• 主句核心: “Apple’s slide has been compounded” (苹果的下滑被加剧了)。
• 原因状语: “by Chinese restrictions on the use of its devices by government officials” 说明了第一个加剧下滑的原因，即“中国对政府官员使用其设备的限制”。
• 并列原因状语: “and stimulus policies that favor Chinese domestic manufacturers” 说明了第二个加剧下滑的原因，即“偏袒中国国内制造商的刺激政策”。
• 其中，“that favor Chinese domestic manufacturers” 是修饰“stimulus policies”的定语从句。
• 整体理解: 这句话指出，苹果市场份额的下滑，是由于中国政府限制官员使用其设备，以及偏向中国本土制造商的刺激政策共同作用而加剧的。